I have the exact same problem, also on Arch Linux.
Qt5 version 5.15.18, Qt6 version 6.11.0
From gdb (with the thread messages removed):
Loading plugin "/usr/lib/kritaplugins/kritaseexprgenerator.so" failed, "Cannot load library /usr/lib/kritaplugins/kritaseexprgenerator.so: libKSeExprUI.so.6: cannotopen shared object file: No such file or directory"
Loading plugin "/usr/lib/kritaplugins/kritamypaintop.so" failed, "Cannot load library /usr/lib/kritaplugins/kritamypaintop.so: libmypaint.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory"
Fontconfig warning: ignoring en_Latn_US: not a valid region tag
Could not execute addResourceVersionImpl statement QSqlError("2067", "Unable to fetch row", "UNIQUE constraint failed: versioned_resources.resource_id, versioned_resources.storage_id, versioned_resources.version") 1018 "fontregistry" "fontregistry" "Noto Sans Sinhala" "Noto Sans Sinhala" version 0
SAFE ASSERT (krita): "result" in file /usr/src/debug/krita/krita-6.0.1/libs/resources/KisResourceCacheDb.cpp, line 2160
krita.scripting: "Traceback (most recent call last):"
krita.scripting: " File \"/usr/lib/krita-python-libs/krita/__init__.py\", line 37, in <module>"
krita.scripting: " from .api import *"
krita.scripting: " File \"/usr/lib/krita-python-libs/krita/__init__.py\", line 34, in importAvoidWrongPyQtHack"
krita.scripting: " return import_real(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)"
krita.scripting: " File \"/usr/lib/krita-python-libs/krita/api.py\", line 15, in <module>"
krita.scripting: " from PyKrita.krita import *"
krita.scripting: " File \"/usr/lib/krita-python-libs/krita/__init__.py\", line 34, in importAvoidWrongPyQtHack"
krita.scripting: " return import_real(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)"
krita.scripting: " File \"/usr/lib/krita-python-libs/krita/__init__.py\", line 34, in importAvoidWrongPyQtHack"
krita.scripting: " return import_real(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)"
krita.scripting: "ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PyQt6'"
krita.scripting: "Could not import krita"
Typing a font-family manually shows
qt.xkb.compose: failed to create compose table
qrc:/SvgTextToolOptions.qml:31: ReferenceError: updateTextProperties is not defined
Installing python-pyqt6, kseexpr, and libmypaint removes all of the errors aside from:
Fontconfig warning: ignoring en_Latn_US: not a valid region tag Could not execute addResourceVersionImpl statement QSqlError("2067", "Unable to fetch row", "UNIQUE constraint failed: versioned_resources.resource_id, versioned_resources.storage_id, versioned_resources.version") 1018 "fontregistry" "fontregistry" "Noto Sans Sinhala" "Noto Sans Sinhala" version 0 SAFE ASSERT (krita): "result" in file /usr/src/debug/krita/krita-6.0.1/libs/resources/KisResourceCacheDb.cpp, line 2160
Removing ~/.cache/krita did not help; running sudo fc-cache also did not change anything.
I moved /usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSansSinhala* somewhere else, and while it did make the error disappear (apart from the Fontconfig warning), the issue was not resolved, so the Sinhala font here is a red herring.